A Probabilistic Model of Oncogenesis Progression
نویسنده
چکیده
Genomi aberrations are often seen in the analysis of solid tumors. Aberrations on a band level an be found by oloring the bands of the hromosomes with various dyes. When looking at the hromosomes in a mi ros ope, a trained eye an identify missing or inserted regions. Early aberrations are believed to afe t the probability of other aberrations to o ur. This model views the an er progression as a set of dependen ies between the aberrations. It is of interest to identify those aberrations that are important in the progression of an er and to be able to distinguish between aberrations that are likely to o ur early, probable starting points, or late, probably aused by earlier aberrations, in the progression. This thesis presents a new statisti al model based on a hidden Markov model that has been modied to generate sets. The model an be used to predi t the dependen y network that is assumed between tumour aberrations. The work provides a solid theoreti al foundation for ontinued resear h in the eld. The thesis also points to a number of problems that must be adressed to allow the developed theory to pra ti ally appli able on large sets of biologi al data. Referat En probabilistisk modell för tumörutveckling Genomiska förändringar observeras ofta vid analys av tumörvävnad. Förändringar på bandnivå kan ses genom att man färgar kromosomerna med olika färgningspreparat. När kromosomerna sedan analyseras i mikroskop, kan det tränade ögat se saknade eller inkopierade bitar. Tidiga förändringar på kromosomnivå tros kunna påverka sannolikheten för att ytterligare förändringar ska ske. Vår modell betraktar an erutve kling som en mängd beroenden mellan kromosomförändringar. Det är my ket intressant att kunna identi era de förändringar som är viktiga i ett tidigt skede av an erutve klingen samt att kunna avgöra vilka förändringar som troligen orsakas av tidigare förändringar. I denna rapport presenteras en ny statistisk model som baseras på en dold Markovmodell, modi erad för att kunna generera mängder. Modellen kan användas för att beräkna det samband som antas nnas mellan kromosomala förändringar. Modellen beskriver en solid teoretisk grund för vidare forskning inom området. Rapporten pekar o kså på en del problem som måste lösas för att modellen ska kunna användas praktiskt på stora mängder biologisk data.
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